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Gas Metal Arc Welding (GMAW)
GMAW is commonly referred to as MIG welding.
An electric arc is created between the tip of the wire and the weld pool. The wire is progressively melted at the same speed at which it is being fed and forms part of the weld pool. Both the arc and the weld pool are protected from atmospheric contamination by a shield of inert (non-reactive) gas, which is delivered through a nozzle that is concentric with the welding wire guide tube.
Flux Cored Arc Welding (FCAW)
FCAW uses the heat generated by a DC electric arc to fuse the metal in the joint area. The arc being struck between a continuously fed consumable filler wire and the work piece, melting both the filler wire and the work piece in the immediate vicinity. The entire arc area is covered by a shielding gas that protects the molten weld pool from the atmosphere.
FCAW is a variant of the MIG process and, while there are many common features between the two processes, there are also several fundamental differences.